TLDR:
Shura Council becomes fully appointed
Strengthened commitment to global peace
Emir takes updated oath for national unity
DOHA (The Thursday Times) — In a significant referendum, Qatar has approved a series of constitutional amendments aimed at reshaping its governance structure. With over 84% voter turnout and a 90.6% approval rate, these amendments reflect both Qatar’s push for modernisation and its focus on preserving national unity. Amid shifting regional dynamics and prior electoral tensions, the Gulf state has taken decisive steps to consolidate power and redefine its legislative body’s composition and mandate.
Shura Council shifts to appointed model
Qatar’s decision to transition the Shura Council from a semi-elected to a fully appointed body marks a notable shift. Prior to these changes, the Council included thirty elected members and fifteen appointed by the Emir. Now, all forty-five seats will be appointed, placing the Emir in full control of the Council’s composition. This change underscores a clear move towards a more centralised model, aimed at strengthening governance stability in a region where electoral dynamics have sometimes stirred social tensions.
This shift to an appointed Shura Council follows the country’s first legislative elections in 2021, which generated unforeseen tensions, particularly among the Al Murrah tribe. Despite prior commitments to democratic practices, the shift away from elections reflects the state’s focus on fostering social cohesion. Qatar’s officials argue that the Council’s legislative powers remain intact, retaining authority over laws and policy approvals, yet the Emir retains ultimate jurisdiction over national security, economic, and investment matters.
Revised eligibility for council membership
A new set of criteria now governs eligibility for Shura Council membership, enhancing requirements and redefining standards for candidates. The amendment, encapsulated in Article 80, requires members to be Qatari nationals, have strong proficiency in Arabic, and a clean criminal record for offences involving moral turpitude or dishonesty unless rehabilitated. Furthermore, prospective members must demonstrate either sound judgement or relevant experience, a condition intended to bolster the legislative body’s capabilities.
These requirements aim to ensure that only individuals with proven loyalty and competence can serve on the Council. The state has asserted that these standards will elevate the Council’s effectiveness while ensuring its members reflect Qatar’s national values. Qatar’s leadership is positioning these amendments as part of a long-term vision to solidify the Council’s alignment with both the nation’s cultural principles and legislative needs.
International peace
One of the most profound updates comes in Article 7, addressing Qatar’s role on the international stage. The amended article codifies Qatar’s commitment to fostering peace, supporting self-determination, and working collaboratively with nations prioritising diplomatic engagement and conflict resolution. By embedding these principles in the constitution, Qatar is sending a signal to the international community of its strategic intentions to align with global stability and peace efforts.
Historically, Qatar has often positioned itself as a diplomatic mediator within the Gulf and beyond. This constitutional affirmation reflects a deepening of Qatar’s dedication to non-interference in sovereign affairs, prioritising cooperation over conflict. As regional politics evolve, Qatar’s leadership views these commitments as crucial to maintaining both regional alliances and broader international standing.
Emir’s oath of office redefined
Another central component of the amendments is the updated oath for the Emir. The new provision mandates that the Emir swear an oath to uphold Sharia law, protect the state’s sovereignty, and defend its territorial integrity. This symbolic and legal reaffirmation highlights Qatar’s drive to preserve its identity, ensuring alignment between its leadership and the nation’s foundational values.
This adjustment to the Emir’s oath reflects a response to modern challenges while remaining rooted in Qatar’s core principles. As the country navigates a globalised world, these commitments signal Qatar’s dedication to preserving its unique blend of traditional governance with modern responsiveness.
Context and historical backdrop
The decision to alter the Shura Council’s structure follows decades of Qatari political evolution. The 2003 referendum, which initially introduced partially elected representation, was seen as a turning point, fostering hopes for a progressive political landscape. The 2021 elections, though symbolic, ultimately revealed underlying issues within the electoral framework, exposing tribal divisions and other social complexities.
The amendments come at a time when Gulf states are re-evaluating their governance structures to maintain internal stability. Qatar’s decision to transition to a fully appointed Shura Council aligns it more closely with neighbouring states, while still adhering to its longstanding policies of guided leadership.
