Pakistan needs $18bn for dams and flood defences over 10 years, plan says, urging water to be treated as national security

A Planning Commission framework warns storage holds just 11% of the Indus’s flow and that flood warning time at Marala has fallen from 40 hours to 5.5.

Tradução em andamento… 0 / 4 Ler o texto original

People walk across a dry sandbank in the Indus River
People walk on a dry patch of the Indus River in Jamshoro, Sindh. File photo. — REUTERS

— Pakistan needs about $18 billion in federal money over the next decade to build dams, protect against floods and modernise canals, a Planning Commission report says, as it proposes making water security part of the country’s national security agenda.

The National Water Security framework, part of the government’s URAAN Pakistan plan, aims to raise water-use efficiency from about 40 per cent to 70 per cent and lift the water reaching farm gates from 58.3 million acre-feet to 79 MAF by 2029, Geo News reported. Agriculture takes roughly 95 per cent of the country’s freshwater.

Storage: 11 per cent of the Indus

Pakistan’s live storage of 15.3 MAF holds only about 11 per cent of the Indus’s annual flow, the report warns, and it sets a target of 23.5 MAF by 2029. Projects already funded under the development budget should add 9.8 MAF, while a pipeline of proposed schemes including the Akhori off-channel storage, the Shyok dam and the Skardu dam could add about 14.5 MAF more.

One figure stands out: the warning time for floods arriving at the Marala Headworks on the Chenab, where the river enters Pakistan from Indian-held Kashmir, has shrunk from 40 hours in 2014 to just 5.5 hours in 2025. The report recommends a fourth National Flood Protection Plan, a National Glacier Protection Act and updated flood design standards.

Groundwater and the solar pump problem

The Indus Basin aquifer is the second most overstressed in the world, and groundwater in Punjab is falling by half a metre to a metre a year. The report blames solar tubewells in part, since they let farmers pump at almost no running cost, and proposes tying subsidies for them to registration and extraction limits.

Other proposals include incentives for drip and sprinkler irrigation, raising the abiana water charge to cover real maintenance costs, recycling at least a quarter of urban wastewater – with 53 per cent of monitored urban sources unsafe to drink – and creating a water system integrator under the Indus River System Authority to track water from river to farm. The report says the 2029 targets can only be met if infrastructure, regulation and governance reforms move together.

TT Business Desk

Economy, markets and business news from The Thursday Times' business desk.

More from this desk

The Thursday Times, every morning

The day’s stories that matter, the argument, and what readers read most, in one email before work.

Free. One click to stop, any time.

The conversation

Comments are open on this story. An editor reads every one before it appears.

No one has said anything yet. Be the first.

Published by Thursday Media International thursday.media