CAMBRIDGE (The Thursday Times) — Ek jarehana blood cancer, acute myeloid leukaemia, ki buniyad banne wali pehli jeneyati tabdeeli aksar bimari ki tashkhees se 50 saal se bhi zyada pehle zahir ho jati hai. Yeh baat Budh ko jareeday Nature mein shaya hone wali ek tehqeeq mein samne aayi hai.
Cambridge University aur University College London ke muhaqqiqeen ne Bartania ke ek taweel screening trial mein khawateen ki janib se har saal diye gaye khoon ke namoonon ko is bimari ke irtiqa ka “fossil record” bana kar istemal kiya. Jin cases ka unhon ne mutala kiya, un mein se do tihai mein cancer paida karne wali pehli tabdeeli 20 saal ki umar se pehle aa chuki thi.
Team ne un 47 khawateen ke namoonon ka jaiza liya jinhein baad mein ausatan 72 saal ki umar mein yeh bimari lahiq hui, aur un ka muwazna un 46 khawateen se kiya jo blood cancer se mehfooz rahin. Yeh namoone Bartania ke ovarian cancer screening ke mushtarka trial se liye gaye, jis mein taqriban 50 hazar khawateen ne 11 saal tak har saal khoon ka namoona diya.
Pehle sust barhotri, phir tez daur
Pehli tabdeeli ke baad mutasira khaliye dahaiyon tak ahista ahista barhte rahe aur un ki tadad dugni hone mein barson lage. Har agli tabdeeli ne un ki barhotri ki raftar do se teen guna barha di, aur cancer paida karne wali chaar tabdeeliyon wale khaliye chand hafton mein dugne hone lage.
Yeh barhotri hairat angez had tak qabil-e-pesh-goi nikli. Tehqeeq ki qiyadat karne wale Cambridge ke Early Cancer Institute ke Professor Jamie Blundell ne kaha, “Jab ek clone qaim ho jata hai to aaj us ki barhotri ki raftar bata deti hai ke woh barson, balke dahaiyon baad kahan ho ga.”
Kam az kam ek tihai cases mein tabdeel shuda khaliyon ka ek hi giroh tashkhees se barson pehle khoon par hawi ho chuka tha. Sehatmand rehne wali khawateen mein aisa koi rujhan nazar nahin aaya, aur UK Biobank ke data ne ise is bimari ke kahin zyada khatre se jora.
Rok thaam ka mauqa
Bartania mein har saal taqriban 2,700 afraad acute myeloid leukaemia ka shikar hote hain, aur tashkhees ke baad sirf chhe mein se ek mareez paanch saal tak zinda reh pata hai. Bohat se sehatmand muammar afraad ke khoon mein leukaemia se jure tabdeeliyon wale khaliye hote hain, lekin un mein se chand hi ko yeh bimari hoti hai, aur ab tak yeh wazeh nahin tha ke aisa kyun hai.
Muhaqqiqeen ka kehna hai ke tabdeel shuda khaliyon ke giroh ki barhotri ki raftar naap kar doctor sab se zyada khatre wale afraad ki nishandahi kar sakte hain, aur das saal ya is se zyada arse mein is raftar ko thora sa bhi kam karne se leukaemia ka imkan numayan taur par ghat sakta hai. Team ka agla qadam yeh jaanchna hai ke kya yeh mehfooz tareeqe se mumkin hai.
Taham taqriban paanch mein se ek case mein barhte hue khaliye tashkhees se sirf ek ya do saal pehle hi pakre ja sake, jis se lagta hai ke kuch mareezon ke liye intebah ka waqt bohat kam ho sakta hai.
