The way out for India

Elections cannot end India’s poverty and division, the former Supreme Court of India judge argues. Only a united people’s struggle can

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Justice Markandey Katju in front of an illustration of protesters at Jantar Mantar, kites in the sky, and slums and factories
Justice Markandey Katju, against an illustration of protesters at Jantar Mantar, New Delhi, and the slums and factories of an industrialising India. — PHOTO: NIKHIL KANEKAL / WIKIMEDIA COMMONS, CC BY-SA 3.0; ILLUSTRATION: MICHAEL MCCALL FOR THE THURSDAY TIMES
Listen to this articleThe way out for India6 min · device voice0:00 / 5:52
Justice Markandey Katju
Justice Markandey Katju
Former judge of the Supreme Court of India

Today most Indians are like blind people groping in the dark, totally confused about what is happening in our country, where we are going, where we must go, and how. So let me clarify.

01The national aim

Our national aim must be to transform India from a relatively backward country into a modern industrial giant, like China (for which we have all the potential, as we have plenty of bright scientists and engineers, and immense natural resources). Unless we do that, we will never be able to get rid of our massive and widespread poverty, massive unemployment, appalling level of child malnutrition (every second child in India is malnourished, according to the ), almost total lack of proper healthcare and good education for our masses, etc.

02The forces against it

There are powerful forces, both external and internal, which will strongly oppose this transformation. In particular, the developed countries have a secret but very strong rule (which they will never openly express): to oppose such transformation tooth and nail, because if that happens their industries will not be able to face the competition from Indian industries, since with our cheap labour we will undersell their products, resulting in the closure of many of their industries and throwing millions of their workers out of employment.

There is a direct, irreconcilable conflict of interest between the developed and the underdeveloped countries.

03A conflict of interest

Thus there is a direct, irreconcilable conflict of interest between the developed and the underdeveloped countries. The former are determined to keep countries like India underdeveloped, backward and poor, and for doing this they make Indians fight each other on the basis of religion, caste, language, race, etc., which they do through their local agents, the Indian politicians of all parties, who polarise Indian society and incite Hindu-Muslim and caste hatred to get votes in elections.

However, our aim must be to maintain unity among our people, and make India a highly developed and highly industrialised country, so as to give our people a high standard of living and decent lives.

How is this conflict of interest to be resolved?

04The way out

In my opinion, it cannot be resolved by democratic elections, but will require a revolution.

This revolution can only happen if Indians unite, rising above caste, religious and other barriers, and launch a powerful, united, protracted people’s struggle (), led by genuinely patriotic and modern-minded leaders, a struggle which may last 10 to 20 years, and in which tremendous sacrifices will have to be made.

This struggle will ultimately culminate in a people’s revolution (), which will set up a political and social order under which there will be rapid industrialisation and a steady rise in the standard of living of the people, who will then start getting decent lives.

The road he proposes

  1. Jan sangharshA united people’s struggle across caste and religion, lasting 10 to 20 years
  2. Jan krantiA people’s revolution that sets up a new political and social order
  3. IndustrialisationRapid growth of industry under that order
  4. Decent livesA steady rise in the standard of living

There is no other way out for the Indian people if they wish to abolish our great socio-economic evils (mentioned above) and take their rightful place in the comity of nations. Unless we launch such a mighty united people’s struggle and make such a historical revolution, we and our descendants will remain condemned to massive poverty, massive unemployment, an appalling level of child malnutrition, etc.

In my opinion, it cannot be resolved by democratic elections, but will require a revolution.

The people of India must now decide whether they are willing to launch such a mighty struggle, make tremendous sacrifices, and ultimately make a historical revolution, or remain in their present miserable condition, and condemn their children and descendants also to remain in the same condition.

Justice Markandey Katju

Justice Markandey Katju is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India, where he served from 2006 to 2011, and a former Chief Justice of the Delhi and Madras High Courts. He chaired the Press Council of India from 2011 to 2014 and writes widely on Indian society, politics and history.

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